Fourth, reform the housing system. We need to break the monopoly of residential land, break the monopoly of housing supply, break the single market structure, reform the real estate tax, and housing provident fund system. It is also necessary to establish policy-oriented residential banks. Those were all mentioned at the third plenary session of the 19th CPC Central Committee. We need to have them implemented.

Fifth, focus on city clusters. Urbanization can no longer be carried out according to the administrative division of individual cities but should be promoted by city clusters at the designing stage. In the next 20 to 30 years, six large city clusters with a population of more than 100 million will be formed: the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Delta, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, the Chengdu-Chongqing region, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, and the Central Plains. We will also have eight city clusters with a population of more than 10 million: Shandong Peninsula, East Liaoning Peninsula, Harbin-Chang Chun area, Fujian Coastal area, Guanzhong Plain, Beibu Gulf, Hohhot-Baotou-Erdos-Yulin, and the northern slope of Tianshan Mountain. City clusters can also be formed within a mega city cluster, and several city clusters can eventually form another mega city cluster.

Sixth, work out spatial planning. What is spatial planning? The economic and social development plan, also known as the five-year plan, aims at the economic and social development of the whole country. And for spatial planning, it is the planning of spatial development that combines economic development, human development, and sustainable development. Its main content is to clarify the "three zones, three lines, and three networks." In the past it used to be just "three zones and three lines," and now we add "three networks," which is the city network, the infrastructure network, and the ecosystem network. To formulate the spatial planning, we need to interact with the upper and lower levels, one is to superimpose the various planning plans from the grassroots level, and the other is to focus on city clusters. We need to take all circumstances into consideration before we formulate a blueprint that we can adhere to in the future.

In a word, for high-quality spatial development, we should establish the concept and principle of spatial development and coordinate population, economy, resources, and the environment within a spatial scope.

The "Comprehensive Development Index of China's Cities" jointly compiled by the Department of Development Planning of the National Development and Reform Commission and Cloud River Urban Research Institute is a high-quality report for urban development. The study has been carried out for many years and is of great value to urban development. We hope it can further focus on the city's high-quality development, constantly enrich and improve the index system, and play a greater role in promoting better urban development.