www射-国产免费一级-欧美福利-亚洲成人福利-成人一区在线观看-亚州成人

USEUROPEAFRICAASIA 中文雙語Fran?ais
Business
Home / Business / Motoring

General Motors takes hit to chase e-car boom

China Daily | Updated: 2016-12-05 08:16

General Motors Co stands to lose as much as $9,000 on its electric subcompact Chevrolet Bolt. Sounds crazy, but it makes perfect business sense under the no pain, no gain policy driving the electric-vehicle boom in the US.

California crafted the doctrine, with tough clean-air rules and a mandate that automakers sell some nonpolluting vehicles if they want to do business in the state, and nine others have adopted it, including New York and New Jersey.

The states' rules are set to tighten so that zero-emission vehicles, or ZEVs, will have to increase by an estimated 15.4 percent of sales by 2025, some five times the current level.

The hurdles may go even higher in California, where greenhouse-gas emissions are required to be 40 percent below 1990 levels by 2030. To get there, ZEVs, plug-in hybrids or fuel-cell cars may have to comprise 40 percent of sales, up from about 3 percent now, according to the California Air Resources Board staff projections.

"The idea that automakers will sell 40 percent of their vehicles at a loss in California is ludicrous," said Eric Noble, president of CarLab, a California-based consulting company, who reckons most electric cars lose at least $10,000 per sale.

The industry's willing to take the hit on a small scale now. Fiat Chrysler Automobiles NV's battery-powered Fiat 500e is made for California alone, and Chief Executive Officer Sergio Marchionne said in 2014 that it was losing $14,000 per sale.

The industry might figure out how to make zero-emission cars into money makers once the charging-station infrastructure is built up and battery costs fall. Global demand seems sure to rise, with major economies, including China, having recognized climate change as a threat and emissions from gas-powered autos a chief contributor.

The US has a zero-emission vehicle incentive, offering a $7,500 tax credit to buyers, and also gives credits to manufacturers to reward them for cars that meet the greenhouse-gas reduction targets set by the Obama administration.

On Wednesday, the US Environmental Protection Agency took a formal step to make it harder for President-elect Donald Trump to undo Obama's targets. EPA Administrator Gina McCarthy announced a preliminary determination that Obama's 2025 targets are achievable, affordable and appropriate.

Whatever happens in the national capital, California will be where the power is for years to come. The bill that established its greenhouse-gas targets was championed by then-Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger.

Under the rules, GM needs to sell enough Bolts so that it can sell other vehicles, including pickups and SUVs. The Bolt's anticipated per-sale loss of roughly $8,000 to $9,000 is an estimate based on a sticker price of $37,500, according to a person familiar with the matter.

Here's how the math works for GM in California: Let's say it sells a total of 219,962 vehicles in one model year (as it did, in fact, in 2015). To avoid heavy fines or the threat of getting shut out entirely, it would need state-awarded ZEV credits equal to 14 percent of the total-or 30,794. That would mean finding buyers for 7,698 Bolts, earning four credits for each, or 10,082 Chevy Volt plug-in hybrids or a combination of the two.

"Electric vehicles are compliance vehicles and GM knows this," said the CarLab's Noble. "The Bolt will take sales from all of the other vehicles on the market, and GM will get a lot of credits."

The more ZEVs a company peddles to the public, the more credits it earns, and those with a surplus can sell them to competitors that are falling behind. Tesla has been able to really tap the program. In the third quarter, it made $139 million by selling credits, which helped Tesla hit its second-ever quarterly profit on a GAAP basis.

The US is one-fifth of the global car market, and groups ready to go to battle over emissions like to offer an argument beyond the threats of smog and global warming. California's policies are forcing companies to be innovative, said Luke Tonachel, a senior analyst for the Natural Resources Defense Council. If they stop, "US manufacturers could lose market share."

Bloomberg

Most Viewed in 24 Hours
Copyright 1995 - . All rights reserved. The content (including but not limited to text, photo, multimedia information, etc) published in this site belongs to China Daily Information Co (CDIC). Without written authorization from CDIC, such content shall not be republished or used in any form. Note: Browsers with 1024*768 or higher resolution are suggested for this site.
License for publishing multimedia online 0108263

Registration Number: 130349
FOLLOW US
主站蜘蛛池模板: 特级毛片8级毛片免费观看 特级毛片免费观看视频 | 国内久久久久影院精品 | 欧美在线观看高清一二三区 | 色天使色婷婷在线影院亚洲 | 欧美xx69| 国产小视频在线高清播放 | 在线观看视频亚洲 | 日韩免费高清一级毛片在线 | 成人黄色免费网址 | 国产真实自拍 | 日韩成人精品日本亚洲 | 亚洲视频 中文字幕 | 久久一区二区三区免费 | 一级毛片不卡免费看老司机 | 亚洲加勒比 | 久久er热这里只有精品免费 | 美女福利视频午夜在线 | aaaaaa毛片免费看 | 边接电话边做国语高清对白 | 天堂8中文在线 | m男亚洲一区中文字幕 | 午夜毛片网站 | 一级片aaaa | 免费国产成人高清无线看软件 | 欧美日本一区 | 成年人免费的视频 | 日本免费人做人一区在线观看 | 欧美亚洲国产激情一区二区 | 国产成人精品在线 | 手机看片国产免费永久 | 亚洲日本在线观看 | 欧美日韩精品一区二区视频在线观看 | 欧美一级高清片免费一级 | 国产美女精品视频 | 国产二区三区毛片 | 国产亚洲精品一品区99热 | 精品国产91久久久久久久 | www.日本在线观看 | 精品午夜寂寞黄网站在线 | 免费一级性片 | 九九视频在线观看视频6 |