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Updated: 2002-03-29 01:00

Day after Oscars, minority groups challenge industry (2002/03/29)

74屆奧斯卡沖出"黑"馬 好萊塢有色人種異軍突起 (2002/03/29)

Day after Oscars, minority groups challenge industry

3月24日的奧斯卡頒獎典禮上,丹尼爾·華盛頓和哈利·貝里創造了奧斯卡史上一個令人難忘的時刻。對許多人來說,這個期待已久的勝利是多么的甜美啊!盡管如此,少數民族人民還是認為應該有更多的非白人種族演員得到肯定,其中除了非裔演員之外,還應該包括亞裔、西班牙裔美國演員和美洲土著演員。

美國全國有色人種協進會主席奎西斯·姆費姆說:"如果這次的頒獎結果標志著最終所有的人能夠在電影界中得到同等的機會,對于成績的衡量能夠以演技而不是以膚色為標準的話,那將是多么好啊。"

"但是,如果此次結果只是有色人種在長期以來倍受冷落過程中的曇花一現的話,那么好萊塢就是壓根沒有體現公平的真正意義。"

不過此次奧斯卡之夜,黑人雙星榮登領獎臺,非裔司儀(伶牙俐齒的黑人女影星烏比·戈德堡)擔綱主持頒獎盛典,以及黑人演員西德尼·波蒂埃榮獲奧斯卡榮譽獎,這一切都證明了黑人演員在電影界日益提升的地位。作為在同一屆奧斯卡頒獎典禮上的同時獲得最佳男女演員獎的黑人藝員,丹尼爾·華盛頓和哈利·貝里的成功象征著有色人種社會地位的改善,盡管主流社會對于他們演技上的承認還取決于他們所扮演的角色是否貼近其本種族的真實面目。

Day after Oscars, minority groups challenge industry
海蒂·麥克丹尼爾在《亂世佳人》中的劇照

1939年海蒂·麥克丹尼爾(Hattie McDaniel)因《亂世佳人》一片中的精彩表演榮獲第12屆奧斯卡最佳女配角獎,成為第一位獲得奧斯卡獎的黑人演員,然而這卻是一個喜憂參半的勝利。麥克丹尼爾的表演遭到了當時思想進步的非裔美國人的猛烈抨擊,從那之后,她演藝生涯中出演的其他類似角色都受到了極大的限制。

如今華盛頓憑借暴力警匪片《訓練日》中的阿洛佐·哈里斯這一角色成為了奧斯卡影帝。在片中,阿洛佐·哈里斯是一位老練但是十分腐敗的緝毒警官,他在洛杉磯毒品戰場上考驗理想主義的新手杰克·霍伊特,二人的道德理念處在矛盾沖突之中。貝里則是憑借在《怪物舞會》中大膽狂放的表演在眾多的女星中脫穎而出,獲得大獎。貝里扮演的萊蒂西亞是美國南部一個飽受喪親之痛的女人,她的丈夫被執行了死刑,而后她的兒子又在一次車禍中喪生。

這兩部電影都十分直白,對白低俗,而且充斥著暴力鏡頭。這樣的主題是《亂世佳人》那個時代,甚至隨后的二三十年之內的影片所不可能表達的。

但是最重要的是,這些影片的成功說明非裔美國演員有能力在銀屏上塑造好壞參半的復雜人物形象,而不僅僅像幾十年前那樣只能出演性格偏執單一的小人物:無足輕重的惡棍、滑稽可笑的無名小卒或者好萊塢黃金時代影片中行為高尚但是飽受悲慘命運折磨的黑人和黑人保姆。這場由來已久的"戰爭"(至少在電影界是如此)在多年前已經有多改善,而此次黑人雙星的成功進一步向世人證明了這一點。

然而,有一些組織認為只有當更多的有色人種參與到幕后工作中的時候,例如導演、劇本創作和影片制作等等,才能從根本上改變白人在銀幕上一統天下的局面。

西德尼·波蒂埃1964年因《曠野百合》一片獲得奧斯卡最佳男主角獎,3月24日華盛頓成為繼西德尼之后的第二位黑人奧斯卡影帝。如今黑人藝員的前途一片光明,但是華盛頓還是認為,其他種族的演員也應該繼續努力爭取創造出更多有影響力的銀幕形象。

華盛頓說:"我印象里從沒有哪一個亞裔美國演員獲過獎,能夠得到肯定的拉丁裔演員也是寥寥無幾。所以前面的路還很長。"

(中國日報網站譯)

Denzel Washington and Halle Berry made history Sunday with Academy Award wins, and for many, it was a sweet victory, long past due. Nonetheless, minority groups say diversity must extend beyond Hollywood'sglamour night - and include other groups such as Asians, Hispanics and American Indians.

"If this is a sign that Hollywood is finally ready to give opportunity and judge performance based on skill and not on skin color, then it is a good thing," said Kweisi Mfume, president of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.

"However, if this proves to be a momentary flash in a long history of neglect, then Hollywood has failed to learn the real meaning of equality."

But seeing the two winners on stage with the evening's African-American emcee (the often acid-tongued Whoopi Goldberg) on a night when Sidney Poitier was one of the honorary award winners, made quite a statement. The double victory for Washington and Berry - who became the first Blacks to win best actor and best actress trophies in a single year - was one of those symbolic triumphs that signal social watersheds, even though their recognition was for the kinds of roles they played as much as for the facts of their race.

In 1939, when Hattie McDaniel became the first African-American actor to win an Oscar for Gone With the Wind, it was a bittersweet victory. McDaniel's role was blasted by progressive African-American groups, and she was straitjacketed for much of the rest of her career in similar, stereotyped roles.

Now Washington has won for his part as Alonzo Harris in the violent police thriller Training Day, playing a charismatic but corrupt narcotics detective who bullies his narcotics squad trainee while ruling the roost in a Los Angeles battle zone. Berry beat the field for her steamy part in Monster's Ball as Leticia Musgrove, a Southern mother doubly bereaved - by the execution of her husband and the car-accident death of her son.

Both movies are frank, verbally profane and violent. They show things unshowable in the time of Gone With the Wind or even 20 or 30 years later.

Day after Oscars, minority groups challenge industry
Sidney Poitier got the honorary award of 74th Awards

But mostly, they showed that African-Americans could be portrayed onscreen as complex human beings - part good, part bad - rather than the bigot-fodder of decades ago: the cardboard villains, comical personas or long-suffering saints and mammies of Hollywood's Golden Age. That battle, at least onscreen, was settled long ago. But this year's double Oscar seals the contract.

Nonetheless, some organizations say minorities will have power in front of the camera only when there is more minority representation behind the scenes as directors, writers and producers.

Washington Sunday became the first Black man to be named best leading actor since Sidney Poitier for Lilies of the Field. Now that a trail has been blazed for Blacks, he suggested, other minority actors must continue to fight for more significant roles.

"I don't recall seeing any Asian-Americans, women or men, being recognized and not too many Latin Americans," Washington said, "So there is still a lot of work (to be done)."

(Agencies)

 
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