久久亚洲国产成人影院-久久亚洲国产的中文-久久亚洲国产高清-久久亚洲国产精品-亚洲图片偷拍自拍-亚洲图色视频

 
 
 

Sub-Saharan Africa's Dependence on Child Labor Affects Development

VOA 2016-03-30 14:22

 

Get Flash Player

As Sub-Saharan Africa strives to break the shackles of poverty, its population of nearly one billion people is hard at work.

A 2014 report by the U.S. Department of Labor concluded that one out of five Sub-Saharan children are working under difficult if not squalid conditions.

In a skype interview for South Africa, the International Labor Organization's says Alex Soho said, poverty is the driving force behind child labor.

"They are poor. Their income is low. They cannot afford hiring adult laborers,” he said. ”So they have to rely, you know, on the work of their kids. This is true for farmers. This is true, also, for farm workers, who have to take them [children] along with them to the plantations, in particular, the whole family, to complete the tasks they've been assigned."

For these children, daily life consists of more than just backbreaking labor. Hazardous conditions are commonplace — not just on the farms, where pesticides abound and machinery meant to be run by adults poses threats to children, but also in mining, where conditions are sometimes abominable.

Day after day, children stand in muddy creeks and rivers scouring the water for specks of gold dust. There are dangers everywhere — machinery, man-sized or bigger rocks, hazardous chemicals and water-borne diseases.

Cocoa industry

Another Sub-Saharan African industry dependent on child labor is cocoa, used in the production of chocolate. The U.S. Labor Department report said child labor is prevalent on cocoa plantations in Cameroon, Ghana, Guinea and Sierra Leone. In two other nations — Ivory Coast and Nigeria — it's not only that children are working; it’s that they are being forced to work.

What's worse, the use of children in the cocoa industry is increasing. A study by Tulane University found that the number of children working in the cocoa industry in 2013 and 2014 was 51 percent higher than five years earlier. The Tulane report said 1.4 million Sub-Saharan African children were working in the cocoa industry in 2014.

An organization representing the industry says families, not corporations, are mainly responsible for the growth of child labor.

"More than 99.5 percent of child labor that exists is taking place on the family farm,” said Nick Weatherill, executive director of the International Cocoa Initiative. “And, therefore, the much more extreme and definitely concerning [aspect] of [human] trafficking and kids working in indentured labor — that's less than 0.5 percent. It's still a phenomenon. It's still real, but it's principally driven by criminality. It is not driven by industry [and] corporate business practices."

Anti-child labor activists in the United States are trying to use the courts to confront the chocolate industry. Lawsuits pending in California state courts against Hershey, Mars and Nestle are asking for money for residents who bought chocolate. State law requires candy makers to declare on product packages that child slavery was involved in their making.

Hardships for children

Aside from the physical dangers, experts say working is an obstacle to a child's long-term economic advancement, as well.

"This work deprives a child of education and, obviously, of a future, because if a child cannot go to school, the child cannot have a future at all,” Soho said. “And this is why the measures taken by the ILO and its partners, you know, to support national stakeholders, focus on education.”

Soho and others say that keeping children in school and helping families pull themselves out of poverty are the keys to helping the people of Africa achieve the kind of growth they need to improve their position in the global marketplace.

(來源:VOA 編輯:Julie)

 
中國日報網英語點津版權說明:凡注明來源為“中國日報網英語點津:XXX(署名)”的原創作品,除與中國日報網簽署英語點津內容授權協議的網站外,其他任何網站或單位未經允許不得非法盜鏈、轉載和使用,違者必究。如需使用,請與010-84883561聯系;凡本網注明“來源:XXX(非英語點津)”的作品,均轉載自其它媒體,目的在于傳播更多信息,其他媒體如需轉載,請與稿件來源方聯系,如產生任何問題與本網無關;本網所發布的歌曲、電影片段,版權歸原作者所有,僅供學習與研究,如果侵權,請提供版權證明,以便盡快刪除。

中國日報網雙語新聞

掃描左側二維碼

添加Chinadaily_Mobile
你想看的我們這兒都有!

中國日報雙語手機報

點擊左側圖標查看訂閱方式

中國首份雙語手機報
學英語看資訊一個都不能少!

關注和訂閱

本文相關閱讀
人氣排行
熱搜詞
 
 
精華欄目
 

閱讀

詞匯

視聽

翻譯

口語

合作

 

關于我們 | 聯系方式 | 招聘信息

Copyright by chinadaily.com.cn. All rights reserved. None of this material may be used for any commercial or public use. Reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited. 版權聲明:本網站所刊登的中國日報網英語點津內容,版權屬中國日報網所有,未經協議授權,禁止下載使用。 歡迎愿意與本網站合作的單位或個人與我們聯系。

電話:8610-84883645

傳真:8610-84883500

Email: languagetips@chinadaily.com.cn

主站蜘蛛池模板: 手机看片自拍自自拍日韩免费 | 欧美一区二区免费 | 日韩一区国产二区欧美三区 | 欧美精品xx| 久久久久视频精品网 | www.成人网 | 欧美三级在线视频 | 欧美成人久久 | 久久成人18免费网站 | 国产91精品一区二区视色 | 久久99国产精品久久欧美 | 毛片免费视频网站 | 国产91在线 | 亚洲 | 免费看一级欧美毛片 | 国产va免费精品高清在线观看 | 欧美高清色视频在线播放 | 亚洲经典三级 | 国产成人精品福利站 | 亚洲精品免费在线观看 | 免费在线一级毛片 | 一区二区三区欧美日韩国产 | 九一福利视频 | 久久精品免费观看视频 | 91九色精品国产 | 久草免费资源视频 | 99色在线视频 | 亚洲欧美一级久久精品 | 欧美熟videos肥婆 | 亚洲国产欧美精品一区二区三区 | 亚欧成人毛片一区二区三区四区 | 欧美高清videossex19| 日韩美女大全视频在线 | 一级做a爰片久久毛片唾 | 久久免费国产精品一区二区 | 日韩一区二区三区在线免费观看 | 免费永久国产在线视频 | 中文字幕欧美亚洲 | 国产三级日产三级韩国三级 | 欧美一区永久视频免费观看 | 女人张开腿男人猛桶视频 | 国产性tv国产精品 |