3.防作弊措施
anti-cheating measures

A student goes through a metal detector in Lianyungang, Jiangsu province. [Photo/IC]

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High-tech anti-cheating measures such as facial recognition and fingerprint verification systems, will be used for the first time in many places for this year's gaokao, or national college entrance exam.
今年高考期間，多地將首次采取人臉識(shí)別、指紋驗(yàn)證系統(tǒng)等高科技防作弊措施。

2015年11月1日起正式實(shí)施(come into force)的《刑法修正案(九)》(the 9th Amendment to Criminal Law)明確，在法律規(guī)定的國家考試(national test/exam)中，組織作弊的(those who organize cheating)，處三年以下有期徒刑(jail time of less than three years)或者拘役(detention)，并處或者單處罰金(concurrent or separate fines)；情節(jié)嚴(yán)重的(extreme violations of the rule against cheating)，處三年以上七年以下有期徒刑，并處罰金。作為"作弊入刑(cheating in national exams listed as a criminal act)"后的首次高考，不少媒體將今年的考場紀(jì)律(discipline)稱為"史上最嚴(yán)(the strictest ever)"。

此前，教育部印發(fā)規(guī)定，提出試卷運(yùn)送車輛(vehicles used for transporting test papers)須加裝視頻監(jiān)控設(shè)備(be equipped with video surveillance devices)或使用GPS、GPRS、RFID等技術(shù)手段，確保教育考試機(jī)構(gòu)全程監(jiān)控試卷運(yùn)送(monitor the vehicles during transportation)。考試期間，每個(gè)考場(every test room)內(nèi)配備2名以上監(jiān)考員(test supervisors)，考場外設(shè)若干流動(dòng)監(jiān)考員。要結(jié)合各地實(shí)際，采用二代身份證現(xiàn)場報(bào)名確認(rèn)(identity verification on the site)、現(xiàn)場采集照片(photo taking)和指紋或指靜脈等生物特征、及時(shí)進(jìn)行信息比對(duì)(timely data match)等措施嚴(yán)防替考(surrogate exam-taking)。

今年高考期間，不少地區(qū)還將把高科技引入了考場，用于提升考場作弊防控系統(tǒng)。廣東、湖北省將采用人臉識(shí)別(facial recognition)系統(tǒng)、指紋驗(yàn)證(fingerprint verification)系統(tǒng)、金屬探測器(metal detector)、電子監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)(electronic monitoring system)等高科技手段。湖北、海南等地禁止佩戴手表進(jìn)入考場(watches are forbidden in exam rooms)。海南還要求，在考試過程中，如有考生如廁后返回考場(come back to the test room from the toilet)，監(jiān)考員應(yīng)在視頻監(jiān)控下(under video surveillance)用手柄式金屬探測器(hand-held metal monitor)(聲音設(shè)置為震動(dòng)報(bào)警模式)對(duì)考生重新進(jìn)行安檢。

[相關(guān)詞匯]

考生 examinee/exam-taker/candidate

替考者 surrogate exam-taker

高科技作弊 hi-tech cheating

槍手 ghost writer/test-taker

臨時(shí)抱佛腳 cramming

死記硬背 rote learning

學(xué)術(shù)不端 academic misconduct

抄襲 plagiarism