www射-国产免费一级-欧美福利-亚洲成人福利-成人一区在线观看-亚州成人

   

Characteristics of Chinese Gardens


Updated: 2007-08-23 17:20

 

The garden is one of the important types of architectural art. It is essentially aimed at organizing an environment rich in temperament and interest and full of the beauty of artistic conception through the so-called four gardening elements including mountains, rivers, structures and plants, as well as the organic components such as roads, interior settings. In comparison to ordinary structures, the spiritual character of gardens is more outstanding, and it requires that artists have greater and higher ingenuity and imagination.

Compared with other gardening systems of the world, such as European or Islamic, Chinese gardens have their distinct national characteristics:

a. Paying attention to natural beauty. Chinese gardens carry out processing and transformation of the original terrain and land form by following the principle of "making it seem like nature", or seem naturally formed, so as to satisfy people's feeling of getting close to nature.

b. Pursuing many twists and turns. Nature itself is ever-changing and interesting. Chinese horticulturists who emulate nature necessarily pursue changing, free-style composition. It is of a completely different system compared with the Western landscape gardening theory of compels nature to accept the symmetrical rules.

c. Advocating artistic conception. Beautiful environment created by Chinese horticulturists does not stop at the stage of formal beauty, but tries to express inward feeling through outward scenery. Therefore, the ultimate key to the high or low level and success or failure in the creation of Chinese gardens depends on the cultural level, and the high or low level and crudeness or refinement of esthetic temperament and the interest of the creator.

Chinese horticulture began in the Qin Dynasty (1644-1911), and two royal garden construction upsurges occurred during the Qin/Han (221BC-220AD) and Sui/Tang (581-907) dynasties. Private gardens saw great development by men of letters during the Tang and Song dynasties, and entered the peaking stage in the Ming and Qing dynasties (1644-1911). The achievements in gardening during the Qing Dynasty attract greater attention, representing an important component of the third development upsurge in Chinese architecture. Almost all of the existing gardens were preserved during this age. The extant royal gardens are in the vicinity of Beijing, while private gardens of a higher artistic level are mostly 1concentrated in areas south of the Yangtze River. They constitute the two major schools of Chinese gardening.



主站蜘蛛池模板: a免费毛片在线播放 | 欧美一级特黄aa大片在线观看免费 | 毛片免费全部免费播放 | 国产精品不卡无毒在线观看 | 久久成人亚洲 | 日本欧美国产精品 | 国产一级做a爰片久久毛片99 | 亚洲成人手机在线观看 | 国产高清在线观看视频手机版 | 日韩黄色毛片 | 欧美一级毛片免费看视频 | 新版天堂资源中文在线 | 亚洲成年 | 国产三级国产精品国产普男人 | 久久99久久精品国产只有 | 一道本久久 | 亚洲第一黄色网 | 国产精在线 | 99久久精品免费看国产高清 | 国产91精品一区 | 日产乱码精品一二三区 | 成人免费视频69 | 99爱精品视频 | 女人张开腿让男人捅视频 | 免费黄色成人 | 最新欧美精品一区二区三区 | 点击进入不卡毛片免费观看 | 毛片免费视频网站 | 国内在线播放 | 国产成人影院在线观看 | 国内免费视频成人精品 | 美女福利视频午夜在线 | 欧毛片| 日本欧美一级二级三级不卡 | 日本作爱| 久久精品免费 | 在线观看国产精品日本不卡网 | 欧美成人久久一级c片免费 欧美成人看片黄a免费 | 日本免费一区二区三区毛片 | 亚洲毛片在线观看 | 久久免费视频在线观看 |